Homeostasis refers to the maintenance of what?

• A. A constant external environment
• B. A constant internal environment
• C. Constant external pressures
• D. A variable internal environment

Answer: (B)

Homeostasis refers to the maintenance of a constant internal environment within an organism, which is crucial for survival and proper functioning. This concept encompasses various physiological processes that regulate factors such as temperature, pH, hydration, and concentration of ions, ensuring they remain within a narrow range despite external changes.

Maintaining this internal stability allows cells and organs to operate efficiently and respond appropriately to fluctuations in the external environment. For instance, in humans, mechanisms like sweating or shivering contribute to the regulation of body temperature, while the kidneys play a key role in maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance. This internal regulation is vital for enzymatic reactions and overall health, making it the essential aspect of homeostasis that organisms strive to achieve.