Which cell type is responsible for breaking down bone tissue?

• A. Chondrocytes
• B. Osteoblasts
• C. Osteocytes
• D. Osteoclasts

Answer: (D)

The cell type responsible for breaking down bone tissue is osteoclasts. These specialized cells play a crucial role in the bone remodeling process, which involves the resorption of old or damaged bone and the subsequent formation of new bone by osteoblasts. Osteoclasts function by adhering to the bone surface and secreting enzymes and acids that dissolve the mineralized matrix, thus facilitating the release of calcium and phosphate into the bloodstream.

Understanding the role of osteoclasts is fundamental in studying the balance between bone formation and bone resorption, which is vital for maintaining healthy bone density and overall skeletal health. The activity of osteoclasts is essential when bones undergo stress or injury, allowing the body to adapt and repair the skeletal system appropriately.